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Lake Victoria ferries are motor ships (earlier examples were steamboats) carrying freight and passengers among Uganda, Tanzania, and Kenya on Lake Victoria. The main ports on the lake are Kisumu, Mwanza, Bukoba, Entebbe, Port Bell, and Jinja. By the mid-20th Century, the East African Railways and Harbours Corporation operated regular sailings clockwise around the lake from Kisumu, using rail ferries that carried rail wagons loaded directly from rail tracks extended on the jetties at Kisumu, Port Bell, and Mwanza. The rail network linked to the Indian Ocean ports of Mombasa and Dar es Salaam which allowed countries of the African interior such as Uganda and Rwanda to transport freight to and from world markets. Typical journey times were 13 hours between Port Bell in Uganda and Kisumu in Kenya, and 19 hours between Port Bell and Mwanza in Tanzania. After 2006, most railway wagon ferry services ceased operating, and the rail tracks at the jetties saw little use. In 2012, Rift Valley Railways restarted operation of the rail wagon ferry service between Port Bell and Mwanza using the refurbished MV Kaawa. As of April 2013, Tanzania Railways' Central Line is operating freight and passenger rail services from Mwanza to Tabora, Dodoma, and Dar es Salaam while Rift Valley Railways operates rail freight services only from Kampala to Mombasa. The rail line from Kisumu is not operating. Other passenger and cargo ferries continue to operate on Lake Victoria. ==Uganda Railway steamers== The original ships serving the Uganda Railway were built in the United Kingdom as "knock down" ships; that is, they were bolted together, all the parts marked with numbers, disassembled into thousands of parts, transported in kit form by sea to Mombasa and by rail to Kisumu, and reassembled. was built for the Imperial British East Africa Company in 1890 by Bow, McLachlan and Company at Paisley in Scotland but not launched at Kisumu until 1900. In the First World War, she was armed as a gunboat.〔 In 1929, she was withdrawn from service, taken into deep water, and scuttled.〔 The sister ships SS ''Winifred'' and SS ''Sybil'' were built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1901. ''Winifred'' was launched on the lake in 1902〔 followed by ''Sybil'' in 1903.〔 In the First World War East African Campaign, they were armed as gunboats.〔〔 In 1914, ''Sybil'' was beached after striking a rock but she was refloated in 1915 and refitted and returned to service in 1916.〔 In 1924, ''Sybil'' was converted into a lighter. ''Winifred'' was purposely sunk in 1936 to form a breakwater off Luamba Island.〔 Her remains were scrapped in 1954.〔 In the 1950s, ''Sybil'' sank at her moorings but she was raised, restored as a passenger and cargo vessel, and in 1956 re-entered service.〔 In 1967, ''Sybil'' was purposely sunk at Kisumu to form a breakwater.〔 was built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1905. She served on the lake from 1907 to 1935.〔 In 1936 she was purposely sunk at Bukakata to form a breakwater.〔 SS ''Nyanza'' is a cargo steamer built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1907. She was reported to be laid up as of 2007.〔http://www.mccrow.org.uk/eastafrica/eastafricanrailways/DeathOfFleet.htm〕 is a tugboat built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1912 and launched at Kisumu in 1913. During the First World War, she served as a gunboat.〔 In about 1984, she was laid up at Kisumu and later was used as an accommodation vessel.〔 She later sank alongside, but in 2005 was raised.〔 Her purchasers intended to lengthen and re-engine her for use as a tanker.〔 The sister ships and were built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1913 and launched on the lake in 1914 and 1915, respectively. They were troop ships during the First World War East African Campaign〔〔 and passed into civilian service after the Armistice. EAR&H withdrew ''Rusinga'' for scrap in 1966, but she passed into private ownership and in 2005 was still in service. ''Usoga'' was laid up in 1975, sank at her moorings at Kisumu in the 1990s, and as of 2006 her remains were still there.〔 and were tugboats built by Bow, McLachlan & Co in 1925. In the 1980s, ''Buvuma'' was laid up and sank at her jetty.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lake Victoria ferries」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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